Europe
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles may accumulate and cause DNA damage
In a 2019 study published in the journal Nanotoxicology, researchers recreated the first phase of digestion in mice and fed them titanium dioxide, then examined whether accumulation occurred in the organs. Researchers wrote: “Significant accumulation of titanium was observed in the liver and intestine of E171-fed mice; in the latter a threefold increase in the number of TiO2 particles was also measured. Titanium accumulation in the liver was associated with necroinflammatory foci containing tissue monocytes/macrophages. Three days after the last dose, increased superoxide production and inflammation were observed in the stomach and intestine. Overall, [this] indicates that the risk for human health associated with dietary exposure to E171 needs to be carefully considered.”
In addition to its uses in traditional industries, titanium dioxide is also finding new applications in emerging fields such as solar energy and water treatment. In solar cells, titanium dioxide is used as a photocatalyst to convert sunlight into electricity. In water treatment, it is used to remove impurities and disinfect water, making it suitable for drinking and industrial use. The Evolution and Significance of White Titanium Dioxide Pigment Manufacturers In addition to its protective qualities, R996 also helps improve the overall appearance of paintsTitanium dioxide (TiO2) is commonly applied to enhance the white colour and brightness of food products. TiO2 is also used as white pigment in other products such as toothpaste. A small fraction of the pigment is known to be present as nanoparticles (NPs). Recent studies with TiO2 NPs indicate that these particles can have toxic effects. In this paper, we aimed to estimate the oral intake of TiO2 and its NPs from food, food supplements and toothpaste in the Dutch population aged 2 to over 70 years by combining data on food consumption and supplement intake with concentrations of Ti and TiO2 NPs in food products and supplements. For children aged 2-6 years, additional intake via ingestion of toothpaste was estimated. The mean long-term intake to TiO2 ranges from 0.06 mg/kg bw/day in elderly (70+), 0.17 mg/kg bw/day for 7-69-year-old people, to 0.67 mg/kg bw/day in children (2-6 year old). The estimated mean intake of TiO2 NPs ranges from 0.19 μg/kg bw/day in elderly, 0.55 μg/kg bw/day for 7-69-year-old people, to 2.16 μg/kg bw/day in young children. Ninety-fifth percentile (P95) values are 0.74, 1.61 and 4.16 μg/kg bw/day, respectively. The products contributing most to the TiO2 intake are toothpaste (in young children only), candy, coffee creamer, fine bakery wares and sauces. In a separate publication, the results are used to evaluate whether the presence of TiO2 NPs in these products can pose a human health risk.
Titanium dioxide, a versatile and essential compound, is widely used in various industries due to its unique properties. One of the most significant applications of titanium dioxide is in the manufacturing sector, where it plays a crucial role in producing a wide range of products.
How we’re exposed to an ingredient matters greatly in terms of our long-term health.
Research shows that inhaling titanium dioxide particles in significant quantities over time can cause adverse health outcomes. Unless you work in an industrial setting, inhaling substantial amounts of titanium dioxide is highly unlikely.
Therefore, today, they only recommend limiting titanium dioxide inhalation in industries with high dust exposure, such as paper production (11).
For exterior wall paints, titanium dioxide's role becomes even more critical due to its excellent weather resistance. It safeguards the paint from UV degradation, preventing fading and chalking over time. This durability increases the lifespan of the paint, reducing the need for frequent repainting and maintenance, which is a significant advantage for construction and painting industries. Overall, TiO2 pigment factories play a crucial role in the production of titanium dioxide pigment, a versatile material that is indispensable in various industries. These factories employ advanced technology and adhere to strict quality control measures to ensure that the pigment produced is of the highest quality. By focusing on environmental sustainability and offering custom blending services, TiO2 pigment factories continue to meet the growing demand for titanium dioxide pigment and contribute to the development of innovative products in different industries.Asia
Ultimately, most experts advise moderation, as titanium dioxide is typically found in processed foods that come with their own health risks.
A few non-dietary studies have reported adverse effects in the gastrointestinal tract of laboratory animals given food-grade TiO2. However, these same effects were not seen when the same or higher doses of food-grade TiO2 were administered in the animals' diet. Dietary studies best reflect how humans are exposed to TiO2 from food. Thus, the Food Directorate placed the most emphasis on the results of these studies in the state of the science report.
The additives that received a “no safety concern” conclusion based on current estimated dietary exposure are as follows:
Other research suggests that E171 could cause harm; however, those research processes did not consider how people are typically exposed to E171. Research that adds E171 to drinking water, utilizes direct injections, or gives research animals E171 through a feeding apparatus is not replicating typical human exposure.