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Gypsum retarder is an important construction additive, designed to extend the setting time of gypsum materials, thereby improving the operability of construction. This chemical is widely used in the construction industry, especially in projects requiring a long construction time, and plays a vital role. Due to the short setting time of traditional gypsum, it limits the large-scale and complex construction process, and after the addition of retarder, workers can more easily carry out fine construction and adjustment, ensuring the construction quality and efficiency.

The main components of gypsum retarder can include a variety of organic and inorganic substances, such as sodium citrate, tartaric acid and so on. By reacting with dissolved components in gypsum, these substances delay the hydration reaction rate of gypsum, thus delaying the initial and final coagulation time. This delay does not affect the final strength of the plaster, ensuring the durability and stability of the finished product.

Adhesive mortars are one of the primary applications of HPMC, wherein a specific dosage of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, typically ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 kg per ton, is incorporated into the mixture to achieve optimal performance. This mortars are mechanically blended with cement, quartz sand, and polymer binders combined with various additives to create a reliable adhesive for bonding insulation boards. Known as polymer insulation board adhesive mortar, it is formulated using high-quality modified special cements and various high-molecular weight materials that provide superior water retention and exceptional bonding strength. This adhesive type is crucial in the construction industry, especially in ensuring energy efficiency and thermal performance in buildings by effectively adhering insulation materials to the substrate.

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) significantly influences the properties of cement mortar, particularly in its early stages, where it may slightly reduce strength by increasing porosity and absorbing water, which can hinder the cement’s hydration process. However, the long-term impact of HPMC is multifaceted. Its water retention capability sustains hydration, thereby enhancing strength over time. Furthermore, HPMC improves the internal structure of mortar, contributing to stability and durability, which ultimately influences strength positively. The functions of HPMC in mortar are diverse; it primarily serves to retain moisture, preventing rapid evaporation during application processes like masonry, which reduces the risk of cracking and compromised strength. Additionally, HPMC exhibits thickening properties that enhance viscosity, facilitating easier and uniform application while preventing sagging, especially on vertical surfaces. This ensures better adhesion and resistance to gravity-induced displacement. Moreover, HPMC improves the overall workability of mortar, making it simpler to mix, transport, and apply, thus improving construction efficiency and minimizing waste. It also plays a vital role in enhancing durability by improving frost resistance and impermeability, crucial in cold or humid conditions. However, dosage control is essential, as inadequate or excessive amounts can adversely affect mortar strength and performance. Optimal HPMC dosage should be determined experimentally, and thorough mixing is necessary to ensure uniform distribution within the mortar. Proper storage conditions are also vital; HPMC must be kept in a dry environment away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures to maintain its efficacy. Overall, while HPMC presents various benefits, careful management of its application and dosage is key to maximizing its advantages in cement mortar.