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Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) significantly influences the properties of cement mortar, particularly in its early stages, where it may slightly reduce strength by increasing porosity and absorbing water, which can hinder the cement’s hydration process. However, the long-term impact of HPMC is multifaceted. Its water retention capability sustains hydration, thereby enhancing strength over time. Furthermore, HPMC improves the internal structure of mortar, contributing to stability and durability, which ultimately influences strength positively. The functions of HPMC in mortar are diverse; it primarily serves to retain moisture, preventing rapid evaporation during application processes like masonry, which reduces the risk of cracking and compromised strength. Additionally, HPMC exhibits thickening properties that enhance viscosity, facilitating easier and uniform application while preventing sagging, especially on vertical surfaces. This ensures better adhesion and resistance to gravity-induced displacement. Moreover, HPMC improves the overall workability of mortar, making it simpler to mix, transport, and apply, thus improving construction efficiency and minimizing waste. It also plays a vital role in enhancing durability by improving frost resistance and impermeability, crucial in cold or humid conditions. However, dosage control is essential, as inadequate or excessive amounts can adversely affect mortar strength and performance. Optimal HPMC dosage should be determined experimentally, and thorough mixing is necessary to ensure uniform distribution within the mortar. Proper storage conditions are also vital; HPMC must be kept in a dry environment away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures to maintain its efficacy. Overall, while HPMC presents various benefits, careful management of its application and dosage is key to maximizing its advantages in cement mortar.

Adhesive mortars are one of the primary applications of HPMC, wherein a specific dosage of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, typically ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 kg per ton, is incorporated into the mixture to achieve optimal performance. This mortars are mechanically blended with cement, quartz sand, and polymer binders combined with various additives to create a reliable adhesive for bonding insulation boards. Known as polymer insulation board adhesive mortar, it is formulated using high-quality modified special cements and various high-molecular weight materials that provide superior water retention and exceptional bonding strength. This adhesive type is crucial in the construction industry, especially in ensuring energy efficiency and thermal performance in buildings by effectively adhering insulation materials to the substrate.

Furthermore, mortar plaster, another vital application of HPMC, necessitates precise formulation to meet specific functional requirements. The dosage of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose added can range from 2 to 3 kg per ton, with a viscosity of 200,000. This versatile material can be categorized into various types, such as ordinary plaster, decorative plaster, or specialized function.